![]() ![]() There also were thousands of people injured, dozens kidnapped and a disputed number going into exile, either to flee from the violence or to avoid capture by Spanish or French police or by Europol/ Interpol. Since then, the conflict resulted in the deaths of more than 1,000 people, including police and security officers, members of the armed forces, Spanish politicians, journalists and civilians and some ETA members. Far-right paramilitary groups fighting against ETA were also active in the 1970s and 1980s.Īlthough the debate on Basque independence started in the 19th century, the armed conflict did not start until ETA was created in 1959. Its participants included politicians and political activists on both sides, the abertzale left (Basque nationalist left) and the Spanish government, and the security forces of Spain and France fighting against ETA and other small organizations, usually involved in the kale borroka (Basque youth guerrilla violence). The conflict had both political and military dimensions. Others, such as a number of Basque academics and historians commissioned to draft a report on the subject by the Basque government, reject the term, seeing it as legitimate state agencies fighting a terrorist group which had been responsible for the vast majority of deaths. "Basque conflict" is preferred by Basque nationalist groups, including those opposed to ETA violence. Assassination of Augusto Unceta Barrenechea. ![]()
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